1, the moisture absorption properties of fiber Fashion Fabric,Luxury Dress Fabrics,Wholesale Clothing Fabric,Glitter Embroidery Fabric SHAOXING YINFENG IMPORT AND EXPROT CO.,LTD , https://www.shaoxingyinfeng.com
Hygroscopicity Textile fibres are placed in the air and will continue to exchange water vapor with the air. That is to say, textile fibres continuously absorb the water vapor in the air and at the same time continuously release water vapor into the air. The property of absorbing or releasing moisture in textile fibers is called the hygroscopicity of fibers.
Hygroscopicity of textile fibers is one of the important physical properties of textile fibers. The degree of moisture absorption of the textile fiber has a certain influence on the size, weight, physical and mechanical properties of the textile fiber, and thus also affects the processing and use performance thereof. The size of the absorbent capacity of the textile fiber also directly affects the wearing comfort of the fabric. Fibers with high moisture absorption capacity can easily absorb sweat discharged from the body, regulate body temperature, relieve sensation of dampness, and make people feel comfortable. Therefore, attention must be paid to the hygroscopic properties of fibers in commercial trade, fiber performance testing, textile processing, and textile selection.
In common textile fibers, wool, hemp, viscose, silk, cotton, etc., have relatively strong hygroscopicity, and the hygroscopic ability of synthetic fibers is generally poor. Among them, vinylon and nylon have slightly better hygroscopicity, acrylics are worse, and polyesters are worse. Polypropylene and Polychlorin are almost non-hygroscopic.
At present, synthetic fibers with poor hygroscopic ability are often blended with natural fibers or viscose fibers having strong hygroscopicity to improve the moisture absorption ability of the fabric.
In the hygroscopic properties of the fibers, in addition to hygroscopicity, the water absorbency of the fibrous material is also closely related to the wearing comfort of the taking fabric. The water absorbency of a fiber refers to the property of the fiber to absorb liquid water. The water vapor and sweat that people produce when they are active mainly lead the moisture absorption and water absorption properties of the materials, absorb and diffuse outwards, thus making people feel comfortable. In general, the outerwear is mainly wetted by rainwater, so the fiber with low water absorbency can be selected as the outerwear material; the underwear is mainly affected by the involuntary evaporation and perspiration of the body, so the absorbent and absorbent properties should be selected. Fiber for underwear materials.
2, the mechanical properties of the fiber
Mechanical Properties The performance of textile fibers under the action of various external forces, and the ability to deform them is called the mechanical properties of textile fibers. External forces include stretching, compressing, bending, twisting, rubbing and other forms.
The mechanical properties of textile fibers should include the strength, elongation, elasticity, abrasion resistance, elastic modulus, etc. of the fibers.
Fiber Strength: The strength of a fiber refers to the ability of the fiber to resist damage by external forces. It determines the durability of the Textile Product to a large extent.
The strength of a fiber can be expressed by the absolute strength of the fiber. It refers to the maximum load that the fiber can withstand under continuous load increase until it breaks. Its legal instructor is Newton (N) or Newtonian (cN). Used to be expressed in grams or kilograms.
Because the strength of the fibers is related to the thickness of the fibers, absolute strength is incomparable to fibers of different thicknesses. Therefore, the relative strength is often used to express the strength of the fibers. The relative strength refers to the maximum tensile force that the unit linear density (per tex or per denier) can withstand. The legal unit of measurement is N/tex or cN/tex. In the past, it was customary to use gram/dan.
The elasticity of fibers: Fibers and their products are subjected to external forces during processing and use, and corresponding deformations occur. When the action of the external force is removed, a portion of the fiber can be deformed and the other portion of the fiber is not restored. According to this characteristic of the fiber, the deformation of the fiber can be divided into three parts. That is, the part of the deformation that can be immediately recovered after the removal of the external force is called the elastic deformation. When the external force is removed, this part of the deformation that can be slowly recovered is retort. Elastic deformation; When the external force is removed, this part of the deformation that cannot be recovered is called plastic deformation.
The elasticity of fibers refers to the ability of fiber deformation to recover. A common indicator of the size of the fiber's elasticity is the elastic recovery or rebound rate of the fiber. It refers to the percentage of total deformation due to sudden elastic deformation and slow elastic deformation at a certain time.
If the elastic recovery of the fiber is high, the elasticity of the fiber is good and the ability to recover from deformation is strong. Textiles made from elastic fibers have good dimensional stability, are not likely to wrinkle during use, and are relatively wear-resistant. Such as: polyester has excellent elasticity, and its made of clothing has stiff, wear and other characteristics.
Abrasion resistance of fibers: Fibers and their products cause wear due to continuous abrasion during processing and actual use. The abrasion resistance of fibers means that the fibers are resistant to external wear.
The abrasion resistance of fibers is closely related to the fastness of their textile products. The pros and cons of wear resistance are an important indicator of the wearability of clothing fabrics. The abrasion resistance of fibers is related to the macromolecular structure, supramolecular structure, elongation at break, and elasticity of the fibers. The order of common fiber abrasion resistance is as follows:
Polyamide> Polypropylene> Vinylon> Polyethylene> Polyester> Acrylic> Polyurethane> Hair> Silk> Cotton> Hemp> Rich Fiber> Copper-Ammonia Fiber> Viscose> Acetate Fiber> Glass Fiber.
The modulus of elasticity of a fiber: The modulus of elasticity of a fiber is also referred to as the "initial modulus," which refers to the stress-strain ratio at the beginning of a straight section of the fiber's tensile curve. In the actual calculation, the elastic modulus of the fiber can generally be obtained at a point where the elongation at the load elongation curve is 1%.
The size of the fiber elastic modulus indicates the degree of difficulty of the fiber under a small load. It reflects the rigidity of the fiber and is closely related to the performance of the fabric. When the other conditions are the same, the elastic modulus of the fiber is large, and the fabric is stiff; on the contrary, the elastic modulus is small.