Analysis on Preventive Test of Electric Equipment in Culvert Gate Project

Analysis on the preventive test of power equipment for the People's Yangtze River culvert gate project Xiao Huaiqian Xia Jinyong (Jiangsu Xinhe Management Office, Huai'an 223005, Jiangsu Province) is determined by the reliable operation of power equipment. This paper introduces the basic theory of preventive test of power equipment in culvert engineering, analyzes the position and role of preventive test in engineering operation management, and expounds the main items of the test. Methods, procedures, etc., focus on the main points of operation and precautions, and finally summarize the common problems, and put forward corresponding countermeasures. It can be used to standardize test operations, ensure the accuracy of test results and the safety of the test process.

Mechanical equipment and electrical equipment are closely related, and the key to its safe operation depends on the reliable operation of electrical equipment. The power equipment is in a long-term operation state, and its technical performance will be gradually reduced. The pre-test can find faults caused by unstable equipment performance.

In the case of intermittent or long-term outages, the insulation and mechanical properties of the electrical equipment are also affected by the environment. Only through pre-test can the equipment be safely operated. In addition, the pre-test is the premise of the classification management of electrical equipment, and can also provide the basis for equipment renewal and transformation, and provide support for the standardization and scientific management of the entire culvert project.

3 Main contents of pre-test of culvert project and project 3.1 Main methods of pre-test (1) Measure DC resistance. The purpose is to check the quality of the electrical equipment windings and the integrity of the circuit to identify defects such as wire breakage, poor joints, and turn-to-turn shorts due to poor manufacturing quality or vibration and mechanical forces during operation.

(2) Measure the insulation resistance. It is the easiest and most basic method to check the insulation state of the equipment. Its value can reflect the insulation condition sensitively, and it can effectively find the equipment such as moisture, fouling and overheating.

(3) DC leakage current and DC withstand voltage test. The principle is exactly the same as the insulation resistance test, but the advantage over the insulation resistance is that the test voltage can be adjusted at will, and the insulation moisture and local defects can be detected more effectively.

(4) Measure the dielectric loss tangent value. It can be found that the insulation contains gas and imperfections such as unevenness or dirt, and is suitable for a large volume of the test object composed of a plurality of insulating materials.

(5) AC withstand voltage test. It can better simulate the over-voltage of the test object in actual operation, and at the same time, it can more effectively find some local defects of the test object than DC withstand voltage.

The safe operation of power equipment is an important part to ensure the safe operation of sluice gates, and the preventive test of power equipment (hereinafter referred to as pre-test) is one of the key points in the operation and maintenance of power equipment, and is one of the effective means to ensure the safe operation of power equipment. .

1 Pre-test basic theory 1.1 Pre-test definition The pre-test is to inspect the hidden dangers of power equipment, prevent the abnormal operation of electrical equipment or safety accidents, and inspect, test or monitor the equipment.

1.2 Pre-test based on the culvert engineering power equipment pre-test based mainly on power equipment preventive test procedures), sluice technical management procedures and other relevant industry standards, specifications and design materials.

1.3 Pre-test classification Pre-test can generally be classified according to the test content, test scope and test properties.

According to the test content, it is generally divided into test pass value test (such as motor insulation strength value, etc.), check adjustment value test (such as relay protection setting value, etc.), performance parameter value test (such as arrester leakage current, etc.) according to the test range. For periodic tests (in order to detect potential defects or hidden dangers of equipment in a timely manner, regular tests on equipment), overhaul tests (comprehensive tests on equipment after new equipment is put into operation or equipment overhaul), and fault tests (for equipment operation status) If it is abnormal or has doubts about other tests, it is necessary to further investigate the failure test. It is generally classified into non-destructive tests according to the nature of the test (using a lower test voltage or using a method that does not cause cumulative damage to the equipment under test). Test), destructive test (applying a test voltage higher than the working voltage of the equipment on the equipment to be tested may cause certain damage or irreversible breakdown of the insulation of the equipment under test) 2 Pre-test in the operation management of the sluice gate project The status and role of the culvert project safety operation is the primary problem is to ensure the safe operation of electromechanical equipment, electric motor. Insulation resistance, grounding resistance, etc.

lightning arrester. Insulation resistance, power frequency discharge voltage, etc.

power cable. Insulation resistance, DC withstand voltage and leakage current.

Grounding system. Grounding resistance of grounding grid, metal equipment casing, lightning protection grounding system, etc.

Electrical safety tools. AC withstand voltage test and leakage current test of insulating rods, electroscopes, insulated gloves, insulated boots, etc.

The analysis and judgment of the pre-test results are not only qualified according to the standards stipulated by the regulations, but also the test results of each item are compared with the initial value, the factory value and the previous test results. Conduct an accreditation test to identify defects, include them in the maintenance plan, and enhance monitoring during operation. Among them, through the insulation performance test, it is an important aspect to periodically check the insulation performance of electrical equipment and find out the weak links of the equipment to judge the safe operation state of the equipment.

4 Pre-test operation 4.1 Test procedure The nameplate parameters and weather conditions of the test sample shall be recorded in detail before the test, and the state of the test sample and its historical operation shall be checked and recorded, and recorded.

According to the different conditions such as handover or pre-test, the test items and procedures required for this test shall be determined according to relevant regulations.

Under normal circumstances, the test is carried out in the order of low pressure, high voltage, first DC and then alternating. The withstand voltage test should be carried out after measuring the insulation resistance without abnormality. After the AC withstand voltage test, the insulation resistance should be measured repeatedly to determine whether the insulation of the sample before and after the withstand voltage test is changed.

Field testers require all personnel involved in the operation to prepare test equipment, conduct test wiring, operation, measurement, etc., record data and write test reports.

The person in charge of the operation shall be an engineer and above, and have certain theoretical knowledge and practical experience in electrical engineering. The person in charge shall undertake the preparation of the test plan, the test wiring check, the on-site confirmation of the test results and the original record review. The responsible person is also responsible for the safety issues during the test.

4. Safety precautions for pre-test operations To ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, the relevant provisions of the (Electrical Safety Work Regulations) should be strictly observed.

The test procedure and equipment layout should be as compact as possible, the connecting wires should be as short as possible, and the grounding wire should be firm and reliable. Before the measurement, the connection between the device and the lead should be disconnected and there should be a clear break point.

―General equipment should be fully discharged before and after the test to prevent damage to the test personnel caused by residual charge. In the test area, all other work that hinders the test must be stopped.

The test shall be carried out under good weather conditions and shall be stopped in case of abnormal weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

It is necessary to formulate pre-test related regulations, strengthen supervision, and avoid all illegal operations. In particular, it should be noted that the temporary grounding wire must be connected, and the temporary grounding wire must be removed after the test. In the high pressure test, a test area such as a ribbon is used.

5. It is not possible to operate the procedures and procedures in full. The testers often have experience and luck, and privately reduce procedures, change procedures, etc., which may cause problems such as inaccurate test data or safety incidents.

Safety education and theoretical study should be carried out again for all testers before the test. Detailed work instructions or test plans should be developed and strictly followed. The system of operating ticket system, work ticket system, and work guardianship system must be strictly implemented.

5. The test technical data is not standardized. Some testers do not pay attention to the details of filling, sorting and filing technical data. The conclusion that only one is qualified after the test is over.

In order to carry out a real and comprehensive analysis of the equipment and combine the requirements for the management assessment of water conservancy projects in recent years, the production of test technical data should be standardized as soon as possible.

The original record should be written clearly, completely and accurately, and should not be altered at will. There should be no blanks (when there is no data record in some columns of the record form), and the name of the instrument used and indicated on the original record. The main parameters. The original record shall be signed and signed by the recorder and the auditor. The formal test report shall be signed and signed by the drafter, auditor and approving personnel. The original records and test reports should be stored in long-term technical files.

5. The preventive test procedures for power equipment cannot fully implement the relevant leaders' lack of understanding of the implementation procedures, insufficient investment in the equipment required for the pre-test, insufficient test personnel, and lack of specialized training for the test personnel; due to financial constraints, a large number of test equipment are subject to inspection. , missed inspections, and even some instruments, electrical safety tools, etc. will not be used in violation of the rules.

Pre-test management measures, pre-test standard lists, pre-test records, and periodic analysis systems shall be established and strictly supervised. A unified test team can be formed by the higher authorities, equipped with the necessary test equipment and qualified test personnel, and unified inspections.

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